Supermarket survey Essay Example for Free

Supermarket survey Essay In my supermarket survey I am going to see what vegetarian products are already available on the market. Supermarket survey is important because it shows what types of products are already on the market. It also shows me the nutritional value of all the various products; I can then see what is good and what is bad. With a supermarket survey I can also see the prices of various products and then I can identify a range and an average. To find information I went to three major supermarkets; Sainsburys, Tesco and Waitrose. I thought it would be better for me to actually visit the supermarket rather than find out information online. This is so because the information on the internet may not be as accurate and reliable as information on the actual packaging. I chose products suited to my target group (lacto-ovo-vegetarians). Name of product Cost Portion Size Additives Packaging Nutritional Information. Inner Plastic. Bright Energy 543 kJ/130 kcal. Protein 4. 00 g. 9 Feta and Caramelised Onions Pizzeria Waitrose mono- and diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Outer: Carton Inner: Aluminium Base Disc. Vibrant and bright. Energy 1088 kJ 260 kcal. Protein   PB Mushroom Risotto i 1. 99 400g xanthan gum Outer: Carton Inner: Plastic (PET) Bright Energy 11 Quorn Cottage Pie i 2. 49 500g Sodium Metabisulphite. Outer: Cardboard sleeve. Inner: Plastic Bright. Energy 247 kJ 59 kcal Protein 2. 5g 12 Cheese Onion Quiche Waitrose i None Outer: Carton Inner: Foil. Colourful Energy 1l. Protein 8. 1g 13 Vegetable Curry Waitrose iNone Outer: cardboard sleeve Inner: Plastic (PET) Bright Energy 4 kcal Protein   Quorn Dippers i None Outer Cardboard Inner: Plastic bag Energy 661 kJ 158 kcal Protein Goodlife Nut Cutlets i 1. 69 350g None Board Energy 1339 kJ 322 kcal Protein 9. 1 g Supermarket Survey Results. All the products were priced less than i 4. 00 making them reasonably priced and affordable. The cheapest vegetarian product was priced at i 0. 95 and the most expensive was priced at i 3. 79. It was clear to see that the product near the upper end had a greater portion size and were packaged in re-usable plastic container. The weight of each individual product was roughly the same; the average was around 310g, which I feel is a suitable portion size. What was evident was the fact that the products contained very little protein an average of about 7g. I must make sure my prototypes contain lots of protein.   The vegetarian products which were more expensive, seemed to contain more calories, this is mainly due to the fact richer ingredients were used in the more expensive products.   Most of the products didnt contain additives, however the products that did were on the top end of the price range. This is because additives are expensive.   The packaging of the products were rather diverse from each other, products which were most expensive had far more attractive and appealing than less expensive products. Inexpensive products only used one material for packaging (e. g. board). What were similar were that all the products, except 1, used board as the exterior packaging. Products which were microwavable used the plastic (PET).   All the products had labelling saying the product was suitable for vegetarians and expensive products had logos. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Electricity and Magnetism section.

J. D. Salinger’s The Catcher in the Rye Essay -- Salinger Catcher Rye

J. D. Salinger’s The Catcher in the Rye "There’s far more to the censorship issue than a ban on sex and four-letter words. I sometimes think that those of us who need to be the most clearheaded about these matters are planting the very trees that obscure our view of the forest," says Dorothy Briley. According to Briley, a vast amount more is needed than simply vulgar language and suggestive material to censor a novel. But this is the very reason why J. D. Salinger’s The Catcher in the Rye is frequently being banned from high schools. To the teenage readers, who are at the transition from childhood to adulthood, the protagonist of The Catcher in the Rye, Holden Caulfield, who has not quite reached the brink of manhood, becomes the reader’s hero. The adolescent mind that Salinger portrays so accurately in his novel is one with which most teenagers and readers, at one time or another, could identify. The Catcher in the Rye also contains universal themes that, for teenagers about to shift into adulthood, help young adults better understand the world and other people. Although it does contain abusive language and sexual connotations, The Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger should not be censored in high schools because it provides insightful information and relevance to the life of young adults through its realistic situations and themes of acceptance and materialism. The reader can relate to the realistic situations, such as the scene at the Lunts play, present in the ...

The Ipremier Company

The iPremier Company: Denial of Service Attack 1. Company overview The iPremier is Web-based Commerce Company and established in 1996 by two founder students from Swarthmore College. The company is one of the top two retail businesses in online transaction which selling from vintage goods and to the luxury item. Its well knows that during fiscal year 2006, iPremier has grabbed profit $2. 1 millions with sales of $32 million from their high-end customer.The company has also recorded with growth by 20% annually for the last three years consecutive sales whereas back in late 1998, the company’s history of stock price had nearly tripled, especially when the euphoria of the 1999, which the market is rose to tripling, prices. Its mean the company has strong cash position. The most interesting strategic is flexibility return policies which to allow customer to thoroughly examine the products before deciding whether to keep them.2. Management and cultureThe management at the company is build-up from the mix of talented youngster who been loyal from l ong time period and experiences managers who had been gradually recruited as the company grew. The recruiter team has focused on well-educated technical background with knowhow in business environment especially business professionals with reputations for high performance. All employees will subject to quarterly performance appraisal that tied directly to the compensation. It’s competitive environments work, whereby unsuccessful managers will not last long.Company has standardized on its governing value in terms of discipline, professionalism, commitment to delivering results and partnership for achieving profits. iPremier orientation towards doing â€Å"whatever it takes† to get projects done on schedule, which is especially related with customer satisfaction orientation by providing benefit. It’s essential in company to develop the competitiveness environment in order to compete the MarketTop as major competitor. Therefore the R&D team should more creative to be advance by developing the related software require for the program to attract customer.3. iPremier IT Technical ArchitectureIn general, iPremier has engaged Q-data for collocation facility where Internet data’s will store in outsource system. The collocation facilities are sometime called â€Å"Internet Data Center† or simply â€Å"hosting facilities†. Q-data as partner will provide floor space, redundant power supplies, and high-speed connectivity to the Internet, environmental control and physical security. All these recognized as Network Operation Center for websites basis. Figure-1, shown the iPremier IT technical architecture system that include of â€Å"firewall† system to protect a local network and the computers that could be a feature of against unauthorized access. pic] Figure-1, iPremier IT Technical Architecture4. Case of Hacked January 12, 2007iPremier system has hacked by unknown intruder sending email in every second with message â€Å" ha† and locked the website that caused iPremier customer can’t access. It’s the first time iPremier through Q-data attack by unauthorized people. The chronology as follow: 04:30 am, as the approximately the first email received in Q-data mailbox system and continued in every second, that could said â€Å"ha.. ha.. ha.. a† from anonymous source. Leon Ledbetter as the new operation staff was suggested by Joanne Ripley, technical operation team leader, should report and make an emergency call to the iPremier new CIO, Bob Turley on which being away from the HQ and just arrived in New York to meet with Wall Street analysis. Bob Turley has give suggestion to check the emergency procedure in motion and make call operation staff in Q-data since he understood that iPremier has the right to get better service of monitoring 24/7. 4:39 am, the consolidation period to handle the case with few suggestion from other iPremier senior high level management such as seeking t he business operation standard (emergency procedure and business continuity plan), IT help desk, restarting the Web server, pull the plug (physically disconnect to the communication line) and approach on DoS system that it maybe potentially targeted by hacker. 05:27 am, restoration system period by trial and error approach on SYNCHRONIZEDSystem that related with the DoS system as the next step.There was something happened in SYN-ACT system which looks like â€Å"SYN flood† from multiple sites directed at the routers that runs the firewall services. SYN-ACT is the Web server communication whereas each conversation begins with a sequence of â€Å"handshake† interaction. The computer system will initiate to send information to synchronize in the web server. The contacted Web server responds with a synchronized acknowledge or â€Å"SYN-ACT† Theoretically, SYN flood is an attack on a Web server intended to make it think a very large number of â€Å"conversationsâ₠¬  that are being initiated in rapid succession.Because each interaction seems real traffic to the Web site whereas the Web server will automatically expands resources dealing with each one. By flooding the site, an attacker can effectively paralyze the Web server by trying to start too many conversations with it. 05:46 am, systems back to normal, the attack just stopped without any action to be done. It seems DoS denial of service attack. The Web site is running, and customer who visits iPremier website wouldn’t know anything since the hacked was stopped by own self.5. Answer the questionsQ-1: How well did this company perform during this attack? In general, iPremier seems not well prepare when hack has happened although the business operation standard i. e. emergency procedure and business continuity plan in ordered but misplaced due to in proper filing. There are few items highlighted from the case; o No crisis management strategy which means there is no emergency procedu re in motion being set for business continuity plan whereby the current business operation standard is not in proper binder and out of date from the current use of technology No disaster recovery plans in place o Too much reliance on outsourcing o Never practice incident response o External factor that indirectly affect to company Q-2: What should they have done differently, before or during the event? Before: o iPremier should have chosen a better Internet Hosting business with better firewalls (software and hardware) – be accessible 24/7, have their own technical support, keep logs of events, do regular system updates and backups. Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) in case of DoS attacks (as well as other technical problems), and have emergency response team ready to execute it as soon as possible. PR SOP for every crisis scenarios, and the PR team should have prepared statements ready within the first couple of hours o Engaged the help of external Tiger Team to test its s ystems and external audit company to do a security audit During the event: o Follow suggestion by Joanne Ripley to disconnect all production computers and rebuild from scratch.They have documentations for that, minimal risk of something going wrong o Attempts to place a spyware/malware inside the company’s systems through a thorough check on all files in the system o Release a prepared statement to all stakeholders. Information flow on the company’s effort to restore service to normal should be constant o Keep records of company’s effort to overcome the threats and find any other unusual activities in the systems, which will be useful for post-mortem o iPremier should alert and get help from relevant authorities o The aim of this effort is twofold; Firstly, to defeat the threats to the company’s systems as comprehensively as possible†¢ Secondly, to alert the authorities that the company is currently under attack by unknown attacker(s), and the compan y is not liable for any illegal activities that might have emanate from the company’s computers while the company is under attack Q-3: What should they do in the aftermath of the event? iPremier as virtual business company (Web-based Commerce) should do correction action plan with the following area; Provide accurate, reliable info about the status of the event o File-by-file examination:Evidence of missing dataBegin study of how ‘digital signature technology' might be used to assure that files on production computers were the same files initially installed thereRestart all production computer equipment sequentially without interrupting service to customersImplement secure shell access so that production computing equipment could be modified and managed from off sitePracticing simulated attack by nominated task force incident response teamDefine the security requirements for the system, and then begin a process of reworking its security architecture accordinglyGet infra structure up and running quickly by lease sophisticated firewall, upgrade and up-to-date OS as well as Security PolicyEstablish secure encrypted tunnel through Virtual Private Line Q-4: What, if anything, should they say to customers, investors, and the public about what has happen?In Information Technology and System business that ethic in information society is important which affect to the responsibility, accountability and liability of the company, especially where the Company has public registered. It’s therefore iPremier senior high level management has done the right action to disclose the incident to avoid panic investor, legal action and minimize the customer impact. 6. Conclusion Revisit and update the Standard Operation Plan and Business Continuity Plan as Company strategy to sustain in core business as Web-retailer provider o Regularly revisit and upgrade the server security system – hardware and software o Avoid dependency on single source provider for dat a storage and server security system o Providing proper and sufficient disk space for back-up data o Upgrade with the new security system.

Assesing the Curriculum for Special Education - 2198 Words

CENTRAL PHILIPPINE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES Jaro, Iloilo City ASSESSING THE CURRICULUM FOR SPECIAL EDUCATION A RESEARCH PAPER In Partial Fulfillment of the Course In Educ. 647 Supervision of Instruction Presented to: Dr. Lucy B. Catalogo Professor Presented by: Lori Grace A. Advincula MAED 2 -1 March 25, 2008 Table of Contents Chapter I. Introduction †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... 2 Background of the Study†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 2 Objectives of the Study †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 2 Statement of the Problem ...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 3 Scope and Limitation †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 4 Hypothesis †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 5 Chapter II. Review of Related Literature †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 6 Chapter III. Methodology and Procedure †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 10 CHAPTER I Introduction Background School can be†¦show more content†¦Most educators believe that children with disabilities and nondisabled children should be taught together whenever possible. Isolating children with disabilities may lower their self-esteem and may reduce their ability to deal with other people. The practice of integrating children with disabilities into regular school programs is called mainstreaming, or inclusion. Students with disabilities attend special classrooms or schools only if their need for very specialized services makes mainstreaming impossible. Many children with disabilities attend regular classes most of the school day: They work with a specially trained teacher for part of each day to improve specific skills. These sessions may be held in a classroom called a resource room, which may be equipped with such materials as Braille typewriters and relief maps for blind students. Other students with disabilities attend special classes most of the day but join the rest o f the children for certain activities. For example, students with mental retardation (MR) may join other children who do not have MR for art and physical education. Although the place where instruction occurs (the setting) is seen as important in the field of special education, the types of curricular modifications and interventions may be a more important area to focus on in the future. Hypothesis This research is important in giving helpful ideas in

Stuart Queens Consorts and Rulers Through Queen Anne

A Brief Note On Drug Abuse Treatment For Nonviolent Addicts

HLTH 4375 Final Project 1. Explain your health policy concerning this health priority. Replacing Prison Terms with Drug Abuse Treatment for nonviolent addicts Historically, those of a drug or substance abuse are thought of as criminals and given prison terms for their addiction. With the current Heroin epidemic, our prisons are filling-up, costing taxpayers approximately $30,000 a year, per prisoner (msnbc). In particular, Licking County has seen a 47% increase from 2014, in the number of drug overdoses (Bruner, 2016). With such statistics, I find that instead of incarceration, these individuals should be sentenced a court ordered rehabilitation. By doing so, we would be shifting from a criminal issue to a public health issue. Instead of the large amount of taxpayers’ money used for incarceration, we could use such funds to support drug treatment programs, which show stronger record of success. MSNBC states that every dollar invested in drug treatment saves taxpayers more than $18 in crime-related societal costs. My one concern regarding this policy is the safet y of the public. However, I find that such sentence should only be granted to those who are nonviolent, or have no previous criminal history. In addition, I find that drug trafficking or the selling of drugs should result in a more serious/harsh sentence. With the help of important stakeholders, I hope to implement this policy with positive outcomes including survivors living a healthy and fulfilling life, through a

Labour Market Programme Participants †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Labour Market Programme Participants. Answer: Introduction The horse riding tradition has strong cultural connection and horseback riding is a common sport in the country (Horseridingnsw.com.au, 2017). There are plenty of free spaces in the country which makes it an enjoyable sport (Horseridingnsw.com.au, 2017). The country has some of the finest horses and hence an increasing number of people are eager to learn horse riding. The Australian Horse Riding Centers (AHRC) is a prestigious national organization which represents approximately 100 horse riding centers spread across Australia (Horseridingnsw.com.au, 2017). The aim of this institute is to manage the different horse riding centers and facilitate high standards relating to instruction, facilities, horse welfare and others. This report would analyze the successful management of horses and riders in a typical riding school in Australia. The planning, organizing, leading and controlling functions of the horse riding schools would be enumerated. The various models, theories and the principles of management would be discussed. The external factors affecting the riding school would also be discussed with the help of suitable tools. The different management challenges would also be enumerated. As opined by Lnnell (2012), the horse riding establishment is concerned with the business of maintaining the horses for giving hire for riding or for their own use in instruction, providing and maintaining the riding in lieu of payment. There are several common functions of the riding school such as provision of riding lessons, handling sessions, stable management and others. Principles of Management The principles of management seek to establish the cause as well as effect of several variables under any given situation. Rudani (2013) states that the management principles are considered as fundamental truth statements which act as guidelines for managerial decision making. The findings of Rudani (2013) reveal that the theory proposed by Henry Fayol concentrates on the 14 principles of management. In a typical horse riding institute, there should be proper division of labor. Fayol focused on the importance of the specialization of jobs and believed in the fact that every work type should be divided as well as subdivided so that proper allocation of work can be done (Rudani, 2013). The different works at the horse riding institute comprise of the maintenance of the horses, giving coaching to learners, maintenance of the mange and others (Rudani, 2013). These should be equally distribution of the work load between all members working in the mange. As opined by Rudani (2013), the authority as well as responsibility is critical to the success of the mange. The management of the horse riding academy should consider the fact that the authority should be given to a person and the same person should be made responsible too (Rudani, 2013). The managers should pr actice equity and should treat all the employees with, kindness, fairness and justice. The people holding similar position should get same kind of treatment. Flemisch et al. (2012) says that there should be discipline in the mange, which implies the obedience, sincerity and respect for the authority. The subordinates are expected to respect their seniors and obey their orders (Rudani, 2013). The employees at the mange should be encouraged to take initiative and suggest new ideas or new work methods to the management (Rudani, 2013). For example, they can give new ways of training the horses which would be cost-effective. The fair remuneration of the employees working at the mange would increase the work motivation of the employees (Rudani, 2013). The human resource department should determine the wages of the employees based on the work assigned cost of living, assigned work, package of the competitors and others. The findings of Dias et al. (2013) suggest that the managers should ta ke care of the espirit de corps which implies that there should be harmony between the employees and there should be mutual understanding between the workers (Dias et al., 2013). The manager should empower the employees to create good interpersonal relationship between the members. It is also important to reward the employees who give good performances in the workplace so that they are enthusiastic about their work. The work of Juncos and Pomorska (2015) suggests that strategic planning of the organization is used to determine the scope as well as direction of the organization over a subsequent period of time. It also helps in the matching of the different resources to the changing external environment (Juncos Pomorska, 2015). Planning is important regarding the horse accommodation, types of box in which horses are kept, method of operation and others (Cassidy, 2016).The planning also needs to be done for the amount of grazing space that the horses would be exposed to for different play activities and different kinds of social bonding. Swayne, Duncan and Ginter (2012) opine that the theory of strategic planning is concerned with the four basic foundations such as current position, future aspirations, way of achieving the aspirations and ways of evaluation. It is important to perform the situation analysis at first, which would be the foundation of the planning process. The history of the mange should be identified along with the organizational aims as well as objectives (Swayne, Duncan Ginter, 2012). The organizational profile should be identified along with the current structural dimensions. The stakeholder analysis should be done, which would help in the identification of key stakeholders of the project. As argued by Foss and Knudsen (2013), the scenario planning model would ensure that the strategic thinking process is implemented in practice. This model emphasizes on the fact that the organizations should equip themselves with proper resources so that they can handle the changes in the external forces (Swayne, Duncan Ginter, 2012). It is important to create as well as sustain cohesion as well as commitment in the team. As opined by Amer, Daim and Jetter (2013), the human relations model focuses on the interpersonal as well as intrapersonal competencies of the managerial aspects of leadership. This model focuses on the commitment, cohesion, collaboration, and others, which are effective for creating effective human relations (Swayne, Duncan Ginter, 2012). The managers should give competencies that focus on the development of ones self-awareness as well as providing transparent communication to the team. The managers of the mange should focus on the synchronization of the physical, human and the financial resources (Amer, Daim Jetter, 2013). This would ensure the achievement of the results in a proper manner. The mangers should have soft skills so that they can develop as well as support the employees in building team cohesion. They should value the differences the individuals and undermine the different areas of conflict. As argued by Yarnell and Neff (2013), it is important to identify the different activities of the horse riding school. These can range from planning as well as overseeing the riding activities, daily routine of the horse care, handling queries, recruitment and the management of the staffs. It is also important to carry out different stable management activities (Amer, Daim Jetter, 2013). There are also financial as well as administrative tasks which need to be done. This would be done by the financial team as well as operational teams respectively (Amer, Daim Jetter, 2013). In small mange, these activities are being performed by Riding Horse Center Manager. According to Gabriels et al. (2012), the leadership of the mange is critical for achieving the business success. The competing values framework underlines the fact that the effective managers as well as organizations are essential for embracing the competing values that are associated with the foundational models of management (Gabriels et al., 2012). There are several dimensions of the competing values framework such as flexibility, internal, external and control (Gabriels et al., 2012). The managers of the horse riding academy should have organizational focus which focuses on the internal emphasis on the development of the people as well as external focus so that there is overall organizational development (Gabriels et al., 2012). As argued by Cameron et al. (2014), the master managers have high levels of behavioral complexity as well as cognitive complexity. The cognitive complexity is concerned with the appreciation of the values as well as weaknesses of the fundamental business models (Gabriels et al., 2012). The managers of the horse riding academy should integrate competencies according to the situation in the riding academy. As commented by Quinn et al. (2014), the managerial competencies of the mange supervisor should comprise of the understanding of the self and the employees of the organization. He should communicate honestly among his team members. It is also important that the manager mentors as well as develop the skills of the employees (Gabriels et al., 2012). There should be adequate leadership of the teams and the leader should strive to minimize the conflicts in the team. Commitment and Cohesion As stated by Chong (2013), the cohesion is considered as the union of the employees in a particular organization. The commitment is concerned with the acceptance of the goals of a group and underlined by a variety of factors. The mangers of the horse riding academy may find conflicts within the team (Gabriels et al., 2012). One member may view that the horse riding coach should teach the basics of horsemanship and others may opine that they should prepare the riders for equestrian competitions. There may be other group members who believe that there should be specific riding skills that need to be incorporated in the training sessions (Gabriels et al., 2012). The riders should also be taught the essential safety skills for riding. The findings of Mowday, Porter and Steers (2013) reveal that management control function can be defined as the effort by the management to evaluate the performance of the employees in fulfilling the pre-determined goals of the organization. The rational goal model is concerned with the focus on control as well as external focus (Harstad Selten, 2013). This theory focuses on the fact that mangers should provide a vision for inspiring the followers and identification of the specific steps to achieve the vision (Mowday, Porter Steers, 2013). It is essential for the horse riding manager to evaluate the performance of the employees and the match with the pre-determined work standards. The horse riding manager should create practical goals for the employees which are possible to achieve (Mowday, Porter Steers, 2013). For example, the coach is supposed to teach some additional things apart from the basic riding skills. He should teach the riders regarding horse feeding, care and grooming techniques (Mowday, Porter Steers, 2013). The health issues of the horses should be communicated well to the riders so that there is increased rider awareness (Mowday, Porter Steers, 2013). The human as well as equine physiology and anatomy are important considerations and the managers should evaluate so that these information are conveyed to the riders. The managers should also evaluate the level of communication between the riders and the coaches. External environmental factors of horse riding school It is important to determine the external business environment factors of the horse riding school so that the necessary preventive actions can be taken. A PEST analysis is being done for understanding the trends of the industry. The different legislations and the government policy of Australia affect the horse riding school policies (Edwards, Othman Burn, 2015). The school should take into account the DEFRA, European Policy and the planning policy of the country. It should take into account the different hunting ban imposed by the country (Edwards, Othman Burn, 2015). The farm diversification technique should also be considered by the riding company. The world economy and the inflation/recession impact the functioning of the horse riding school (Edwards, Othman Burn, 2015). It should also take into account the stock markets, interest rates and the mortgage rates prevailing in the country. The social factors of the horse riding school includes the leisure times, issues with the manpower, unemployment, standard of living and the various labour market trends (Feeny et al., 2012). The average standard of living should be considered. An increase in the leisure time of the people implies that there would more time for relaxation as well as pleasure become an important activity for the population (Edwards, Othman Burn, 2015). The horse riding institute should take into account the different technological framework needed for their everyday business operations. Contemporary management challenges of riding school According to Munsters et al. (2012), there are several challenges in a typical horse riding school. There can be issues with the manure handling, where there can be issues with the stall cleaning. There are insufficient techniques for solid and liquid waste management of the manure (Nielsen et al., 2012). There are often misconceptions about the pollution and the nuisances created by the horse facilities. There can be issues with the pests such as flies and small rodents that may irritate the surrounding neighborhood (Nielsen et al., 2012). There can be issues with the site manure storage such as visually remote location, located on high grounds and others (Nielsen et al., 2012). There is the possibility of offensive odor arising from both the manure and horses. There are also possibilities of water pollution from the horse riding schools (Nielsen et al., 2012). There are chances of over use of water for maintaining the sanitation of the place. There can be several issues associated with the nutrition of the problems, which is an important part of the organizing function of management (Nielsen et al., 2012). A mature horse would require good nutritional foods as they need to maintain health as well as body conditions. The other problems involved with the old horses are the reduction of the dental efficiency, which make the chewing process of horse painful (Nielsen et al., 2012). There are also issues with the food composition of the horses. There can be management issues in the horse riding school. There can be insufficient planning that would help in the riding school to meet its objectives. The managers may be reluctant to perform their day to day duties (Nielsen et al., 2012). The managers may not be able to control the employees in a proper manner (Nielsen et al., 2012). They may also fail to provide adequate motivation to the employees. This may prevent the employees from realizing their true potential. Conclusion The horse riding school is one of the strong traditions of Australia as it provides solid cultural foundations. The related organization for the riding centers is Australian Horse Riding Centers (AHRC). The definition of horse riding establishment is explored and the various principles of management. The management capabilities of mange are defined along with the essential functions of management such as planning, organizing, leading and others. The commitment and the cohesion of the team are defined along with essentials of horse riding school management. The controlling mechanisms of the riding schools are defined. The various external factors relevant to the riding school are discussed along with help of PEST analysis. The contemporary management challenges of the horse riding schools are discussed along with practical point of view. References Amer, M., Daim, T. U., Jetter, A. (2013). A review of scenario planning.Futures,46, 23-40. Cameron, K. S., Quinn, R. E., DeGraff, J., Thakor, A. V. (2014).Competing values leadership. Edward Elgar Publishing. Cassidy, A. 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